Genomics is a powerful tool that helps to uncover whether someone has an inherited risk of developing certain cancers.
By examining your genes—essentially the instructions that tell your body how to function—genomics can identify changes that might increase your chances of getting a specific type of cancer, such as breast or colorectal cancer. For example, Lynch syndrome is an inherited condition caused by changes in specific genes that can significantly raise the risk of developing certain forms of cancer i.e. bowel or endometrial cancers.
When doctors know that someone has a higher genetic risk of cancer, they can recommend testing and other preventative measures, for example more frequent check-ups or treatments which can catch cancer early, or earlier or stop it from developing. Additionally, family members can also benefit from this knowledge, as they can be tested to see if they share the same inherited risk
Genomics also plays a crucial role in personalising cancer treatment. If a person is diagnosed with cancer, genomic testing of their tumour can help doctors understand the unique characteristics of the cancer. This can guide decisions about the best treatment options, ensuring that the treatment is targeted specifically to that person’s cancer. For example, some cancers have changes in genes that make them respond better to particular medications, and knowing this can help doctors choose treatments that are likely to be more effective.
In short, genomics offers a more personalised approach to both preventing and treating cancer, ensuring that care is tailored to the specific needs of each individual.
By identifying inherited risks and offering insights into the best treatment strategies, genomics can help individuals and their families make informed decisions about their health.
NHS Circulating tumour biomarker testing network of excellence
Increasingly it is becoming possible to use blood samples to test for condition causing changes in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) without the need for invasive biopsies. Implementing circulating biomarker testing which is a liquid biopsy, or blood test will help reduce the number of patients who require tissue biopsy and reduce waiting times for patients to receive the most appropriate treatment.
To find out more about this Genomic Network of Excellence, please click below.